True flies (order
Diptera (1)) can do amazing aerobatic stunts (2) because they
use a special sensor to detect tiny shifts and turns (3). They
can hover (4) precisely, and even fly sideways or backwards.
Most flying insects have four wings, but flies have only
two. The rear pair of wings appears to have evolved into (5)
special movement sensors called halteres. Each haltere is a
rod with a weight at the end and hundreds of sensory organs at
the base.
During flight, the halteres vibrate (6) up and down. If the
fly turns left or right, up or down, or tilts either way (7),
the halteres immediately sense the change and complex nerve
circuits (8) adjust many tiny wing muscles.
(1) 双翅目
(2)
飞行特技
(3) 微弱的移动和翻转
(4) 盘旋
(5) 进化,演化为
(6) 震动
(7) 倾斜的飞行
(8) 复杂的神经系统 |
